'Gerund' in English Grammar

'Gerund' in English Grammar 

'Gerund' in English Grammar

Introduction to Gerunds: A gerund is the -ing form of a verb that functions as a noun in a sentence. Gerunds are important in English grammar because they allow us to talk about actions in a noun form.

What is a Gerund?

A gerund looks like a verb because it ends with -ing, but it acts as a noun. It can be the subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

gerund ક્રિયાપદ જેવું લાગે છે કારણ કે તે -ing સાથે સમાપ્ત થાય છે, પરંતુ તે સંજ્ઞા તરીકે કાર્ય કરે છે. તે વાક્યમાં કર્તા, કર્મ અથવા પુરક હોઈ શકે છે.


Gerund Structure:

Verb + -ing = Gerund

Examples:

Swimming is fun. 

(Swimming is the subject)

તરણ મજા છે.

I enjoy reading. (Reading is the object)

મને વાંચવાનો આનંદ છે.


Where Students Make Mistakes with Gerunds:


1. Confusing Gerunds with Present Participles

Gerunds and present participles look the same, but they have different functions. A gerund acts as a noun, while a present participle is used to form continuous tenses.

Gerund અને Present participle એકસરખા દેખાય છે, પરંતુ તેમના કાર્યો અલગ છે. Gerund એક સંજ્ઞા તરીકે કામ કરે છે, જ્યારે present participle નો ઉપયોગ સતત સમય બનાવવા માટે થાય છે.

Incorrect: I am swim for health. (Present participle used incorrectly)

Correct: I am swimming for health. (Present participle)

Correct: Swimming is good for health. (Gerund)

Solution:

Remember that when you talk about an activity as a thing, you need a gerund (noun). When describing an ongoing action, you use the present participle (verb).

યાદ રાખો કે જ્યારે તમે એક વસ્તુ તરીકે કોઈ પ્રવૃત્તિ વિશે વાત કરો છો, ત્યારે તમારે gerund (સંજ્ઞા) ની જરૂર છે. ચાલુ ક્રિયાનું વર્ણન કરતી વખતે, તમે Present participle (ક્રિયાપદ) નો ઉપયોગ કરો છો.


2. Using Infinitive Instead of Gerund

Students often mistakenly use the infinitive (to + verb) where a gerund is needed.

Incorrect: She enjoys to swim.

Correct: She enjoys swimming.

                 તે તરવાનો આનંદ માણે છે.

Solution:

Some verbs in English always take a gerund as their object (e.g., enjoy, avoid, finish). Practice these common verbs to avoid confusion.

અંગ્રેજીમાં કેટલીક ક્રિયાપદો હંમેશા તેમના ઉદ્દેશ્ય તરીકે gerund લે છે (દા.ત.enjoy, avoid, finish). મૂંઝવણ ટાળવા માટે આ સામાન્ય ક્રિયાપદોનો અભ્યાસ કરો.


How to Use Gerunds Correctly:


1. As the Subject of a Sentence

Gerunds can act as the subject, describing an action as a thing.

Example

Cooking is my hobby.

રસોઈ બનાવવું એ મારો શોખ છે.


2. As the Object of a Sentence

After certain verbs, we use a gerund to talk about the action.

Example:

She dislikes jogging.

તેને દોડવું ન ગમે.


3. As the Object of a Preposition

After prepositions (in, on, by, etc.), use a gerund.

Example

They are interested in learning.

તેઓ શીખવામાં રસ ધરાવે છે.


Common Verbs Followed by Gerunds: Here are some verbs that are often followed by gerunds:


Enjoy (મજા માણવી) – I enjoy painting.

Avoid (ટાળી લેવું) – He avoids eating junk food.

Finish (પૂર્ણ કરવું) – She finished cleaning.


Gerund vs Infinitive: Some verbs can take both gerunds and infinitives but with a change in meaning. For example:


I stopped smoking. (Means I quit smoking completely)

મેં ધૂમ્રપાન કરવાનું બંધ કર્યું. (એટલે કે મેં ધૂમ્રપાન સંપૂર્ણપણે છોડી દીધું છે)


I stopped to smoke. (Means I stopped what I was doing to have a smoke)

મેં ધૂમ્રપાન કરવાનું બંધ કર્યું. (એટલે કે ધૂમ્રપાન કરવા માટે હું જે કરતો હતો તે મેં બંધ કરી દીધું)

Conclusion: Gerunds are simple yet powerful tools in English grammar that help us express actions as nouns. By practicing and remembering the common verbs that take gerunds, students can avoid common mistakes. Keep practicing to master their usage!

This post is designed to be simple, easy to understand, and practical for students of Gujarat who are learning English. Remember, practicing with examples in both English and Gujarati will help you master gerunds!


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